Medical Imaging and Analysis

Latest papers

• GateSPINE: Gated Cross-View Fusion for Lumbar Spine MRI Report Generation

  Hoang Nguyen Van, Cuong Vuong Tuan, Trang Mai Xuan, Bien Tran Van, Nam Tran Van, Thien Van Luong · 1 October 2026

  Automated report generation can ease the burden radiolo gists face when interpreting multi-sequence MRI studies. Unlike CT, MRI examinations comprise multiple sequences and imaging planes, each con tributing complementary diagnostic information. Existing methods en code a study as a single volume an…

• Draft in Parallel, Condition Through Depth: Adjacent Causal Injection for Speculative Decoding

  Haohui Zhang, Keyu Chen, Haocheng Sun, Weibo Gu, Ruizhi Qiao, Xing Sun, Bo Jiang · 30 September 2026

  Parallel speculative drafting generates multiple candidates in one backbone pass, but independent token selection can produce inconsistent continuations that shorten the accepted prefix. Existing methods mostly leave conditional decoding to a lightweight module after the backbone, which limits the f…

• Automated Screw Planning for Reduced Pelvic Fractures Based on Statistical Shape Models and Deep Learning

  Yang Gao, Sutuke Yibulayimu, Yanzhen Liu, Zian Zhao, Yudi Sang · 30 September 2026

  Percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is an important minimally invasive treatment for unstable pelvic fractures. Because the sacroiliac region has complex anatomy and narrow screw corridors, the accuracy and safety of screw placement directly affect surgical outcomes. Accurate and reliable preoper…

• FleXray: Universal Clinical X-ray Segmentation

  Victor Ion Butoi, Vivek Gopalakrishnan, John V. Guttag, Adrian V. Dalca, Neel Dey · 23 September 2026

  X-ray is medicine's most widely used imaging modality, yet remains among its least quantitative. Unlike volumetric modalities like CT or MRI, X-ray collapses 3D anatomy into a 2D projection, causing structures to overlap and anatomical boundaries to be ambiguous, even to experts. As a result, labeli…

• CTSpinoPelvic1K: spine, pelvis, ribs and femora in one coordinate frame, annotated for lumbosacral transitional anatomy

  Gregory Schwing, Ashley Schehr, Annika Tekumulla, Margret Khoushi, Ryan Christian, Dane Hubers, Faris Mahjoub, Hassan Saad, Mia Sooch, Sathyagopal Siddapureddy, Michael McLellan, Jerick Kim, Miraziz Ismoilov, Nizar Alnabahneh · 22 September 2026

  Purpose: A vertebra at the lumbosacral junction is named by counting caudally from C2 on whole-spine imaging, but a lumbar case is planned on lumbar-only imaging (T12 to S1), without C2. Abdominopelvic CT holds that span plus the lowest ribs and pelvis. Where a lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LST…

• Skeletal Prototypes on Iterative Nerve Expansions

  Jordan Eckert, Henry Schenck · 16 September 2026

  Prototype reduction replaces a training set with a smaller representation, and the established methods return a finite set of points. We propose Skeletal Prototypes on Iterative Nerve Expansions (SPINE). The model for each class is an embedded 1-complex rather than a point set. Its initial edge set …

• LM-PCVMNet: Pediatric Cervical Vertebral Maturation Analysis with Deep Fusion of Landmarks and Metadata

  Peng Wang, Wanzhen Song, Anli Wang, Xueshuo Xie, Xiaohang Guan, Tao Li · 16 September 2026

  Cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) assessment plays a pivotal role in orthodontic diagnosis and determining the optimal timing of treatment, especially for pediatric patients. In this paper, we propose LM-PCVMNet, a novel deep learning framework for automatic pediatric CVM staging. Specifically, ou…

• Synergistic Vision-Language Reinforcement Enables Scalable On-Demand Analysis across Diverse Clinical Tasks

  Haonan Wang, Jiaji Mao, Lehan Wang, Qixiang Zhang, Marawan Elbatel, Yi Qin, Huijun Hu, Baoxun Li, Wenhui Deng, Weifeng Qin, Hongrui Li, Jialin Liang, Jun Shen, Xiaomeng Li · 10 September 2026

  Accurate delineation of tumors and surrounding organs-at-risk is essential for radiotherapy, surgery and treatment response assessment, yet remains time-consuming and expertise-intensive. Existing artificial intelligence systems often require manual spatial prompts or task-specific retraining, while…

• SA-Profile: Automated Sulcus Angle Profiling from Super-Resolution MRI

  Michael Wehrli, Leo Widmer, Edwin Li, Noel Fiechter, Lorenzo Pettinari, Sidaty El Hadramy, Carol C. Hasler, Philippe C. Cattin · 10 September 2026

  Trochlear dysplasia (TD) is an abnormality of the femoral trochlea associated with anterior knee pain and patellar instability. The sulcus angle (SA) is used to assess trochlear morphology, but it is typically measured on a single axial MR slice with no clear guidance on which to select, making it s…

• ARNAI: Artifact Removal Network based on Autoencoding and Inpainting for Robust Spinal Image Segmentation and Measurement

  Sang-Jin Park, Jinyoung Choi, Seokwon Kim, Seungeon Song, Insu Park, Dougho Park, Taeyeon Kim, Youjin Lee, Donghoon Yang, Jaeman Cho, Joongwon Yang, Mansu Kim, Heumdai Kwon, Hong Gyu Baek, Dae Chul Cho, Injung Kim · 9 September 2026

  Purpose: This study aims to develop an AI framework applicable for postoperative imaging for automated measurement of spinopelvic parameters on radiographs with robustness to the presence of spinal implants. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed lateral lumbar spine radiographs from t…

• Multiple Myeloma Lesion Segmentation on Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted Imaging via Efficient Anatomical Anticipation and Multimodal Confirmation

  Mengmeng Zhang, Shengqian Huang, Junde Zhou, Xiaoping Wu, Hao Luog, Jing Wanga, Yicheng Sun, Jiao Li, Haibo Zhang, Sheng Xie, Fan Wangg, Qin Wangc, Huadan Xue, Yisheng Lv, Fei-yue Wang · 9 September 2026

  Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) is widely used for multiple myeloma (MM) assessment, yet automated lesion segmentation remains challenging due to limited anatomical delineation and the low specificity of marrow hyperintensity. Existing studies have introduced bone region-of-interest (…

• ViT3Flow: A Test-Time Training Transformer MeanFlow for Postoperative Radiograph Synthesis in Scoliosis

  Rui Tang, Sicheng Yang, Moxin Zhao, Hongqiu Wang, Guankun Wang, Lei Zhu, Hongliang Ren, Menglin Cong, Nan Meng · 9 September 2026

  Predicting postoperative spinal morphology from preoperative radiographs could provide valuable support for scoliosis surgical planning, but remains challenging because surgical correction induces large spatial changes while anatomical structures must be faithfully retained. We formulate this proble…

• Expert-like Bone Ultrasound Segmentation through Expert-in-the-loop Mask-conditioned Progressive Learning

  Arash Tavangar, Larissa K. Chiu, Hamidreza Khodashenas, Gregory K. Berry, Amir Hooshiar · 2 September 2026

  Manual annotation remains a major bottleneck in ultrasound (US) bone segmentation, where experts typically iteratively refine rough brush masks rather than delineating precise contours in a single pass. We present ExiL, a mask-conditioned progressive learning framework that models annotation as a st…

• THA-Flow Generative Model: Prosthesis Geometry Prediction from Preoperative CT

  Yiping Wang, Jie Li, Jingyu Shen, Liao Wang · 27 August 2026

  Preoperative planning for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is commonly framed as selecting a single prosthesis configuration and placement for a patient's osseous anatomy. In practice, however, the same anatomy may admit several clinically reasonable solutions, making planning inherently a one-to-many p…

• ZODIAC: Zero-shot Octree-based Diffusion for Anatomical Completion

  Miruna-Alexandra Gafencu, Vlad Bratulescu, Yordanka Velikova, Mohammad Farid Azampour, Nassir Navab · 26 August 2026

  Recovering the full 3D spine anatomy from intraoperative ultrasound is an ill-posed inverse problem, as the complete structure must be inferred from incomplete and noisy observations. Acoustic occlusions and limited field of view create large unobserved regions, while view-dependent artifacts lead t…

• Automated ACL Footprint Identification Using 3D Deep Learning

  Ruida Cheng, Ali Uneri, Gabriel Gibson, Frances T. Sheehan, Barry Boden · 19 August 2026

  One of the most common reasons for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction failure is femoral tunnel malpositioning (ACL footprint center and tunnel orientation). Such failures may lead to the development of meniscal pathology and osteoarthritis. Accurate ACL femoral footprint identification…

• Hallucinations and Constraints : Regulating surgical workflow recognition beyond accuracy

  John S. H. Baxter, Pierre Jannin · 11 August 2026

  Hallucinations are a major concern for the integration of artificial intelligence into medicine, although less explored in the realm of medical image processing. Unlike problems in natural text understanding and reasoning therewith, determining whether or not predictions derived from biomedical imag…

• Rethinking Medical Landmark Localization with Prototype Learning-based Progressive Offset Correction

  Jingxian Xu, Yuhao Huang, Rusi Chen, Yanfeng Zhou, Dong Ni · 11 August 2026

  Accurate landmark localization in medical images is a fundamental step for quantitative clinical measurement and downstream analysis. Existing localization methods have advanced, among which multi-stage refinement is a superior solution. Although this strategy mitigates the anatomical ambiguity inhe…

• Beyond Fluency: A Clinical Benchmark and Anomaly-Enhanced Baseline for Spine MRI Report Generation

  Bruno Palau, Franziska Vogt, Daria Laslo, Haobo Li, Ender Konukoglu, Maria Monzon, Catherine R. Jutzeler · 10 August 2026

  Radiology reporting is time-consuming and subject to inter-rater variability, making automated report generation an attractive clinical application for Vision-Language Models (VLMs). We benchmark state-of-the-art VLMs on lumbar spine MRI with a focus on diagnostic accuracy and demonstrate that stand…

• Measurements Automatically Extracted from Zero Echo Time MRI Using Deep Learning Image Segmentation and Geometric Modeling Agree with Expert Manual Readings

  Jack Consolini, Eric A. Bogner, Meghan Sahr, Matthew F. Koff, Kevin M. Koch, Hollis G. Potter · 10 August 2026

  Computed tomography (CT) remains the reference for 3D osseous morphometry in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) but requires ionizing radiation and manual measurement. Zero echo time (ZTE) MRI visualizes cortical bone and yields FAI angles that agree with CT, but automated angle extraction remains l…

• Curia-MAE: Multi-Modal Multi-Anatomy MAE Pre-Training for 3D Medical Image Segmentation

  Théo Danielou, Antoine Saporta, Léo Alberge, Corentin Dancette · 7 August 2026

  Radiology foundation models learn transferable representations that can be adapted to new tasks by training only small layers on top of a frozen encoder. Dense prediction tasks such as 3D segmentation are, however, underrepresented in their evaluation, and, with the encoder kept frozen, pre-trained …

• MirrorNet: Can Medical Image Anonymization Really Protect Patient Identity?

  Attila Simk\'o · 7 August 2026

  Medical images are routinely de-identified---names, dates, and other metadata removed---and then shared for research, teaching, and public benchmarks under the assumption that this renders them anonymous. Such de-identification protects the metadata but not the pixels, and---apart from scans that di…

• Enhancing Low Back Pain Assessment with Diffusion Models for Lumbar Spine MRI Segmentation

  Maria Monzon, Thomas Iff, Ender Konukoglu, Catherine R. Jutzeler · 6 August 2026

  This study introduces a diffusion-based framework for robust and accurate semantic segmentation of lumbar spine MRI scans from patients with low back pain (LBP), regardless of whether the scans are T1- or T2-weighted. We compared with advanced models for segmenting vertebrae, intervertebral discs (I…

• Segmentation Pre-training for Label-Efficient Lumbar Spine Degeneration Grading

  Monzon Maria, Zisserman Andrew, Jutzeler Catherine R., Jamaludin Amir · 6 August 2026

  Automated assessment of degenerative pathology in the lumbar spine on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requires access to large-scale datasets of expert-annotated radiological gradings. In contrast, segmentation pseudo-labels can be generated by automated tools at negligible radiologist cost. We exa…

• OsteoCAD: A Human-in-the-Loop Cloud-Edge Framework for Bone Tumor Segmentation

  Maximo Rodriguez-Herrero, Dante D. Sanchez-Gallegos, Heriberto Aguirre-Meneses, Marco Antonio N\'u\~nez-Gaona, J. L. Gonzalez-Compean, Jesus Carretero · 3 August 2026

  Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Deep Learning (DL) have notably advanced medical image analysis, yet many health- care organizations struggle to adopt them due to limited com- putational resources and specialized expertise. To address these barriers, we introduce OsteoCAD, a modular eHealth framewo…