Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques

Latest papers

• Budgeted-GS: Real-Time Large-Scale Gaussian Splatting via Factoring LOD

  Haipeng Wang · 5 October 2026

  3D Gaussian Splatting achieves excellent visual quality with real-time rendering, but at the scale of entire cities it does not fit: a trained model carries millions of primitives and gigabytes of memory, and real-time rendering at high quality on a consumer GPU remains out of reach. We introduce Bu…

• PocketSplat: Mobile Gaussian Reconstruction via World-Space Latent Allocatio

  Wenzhi Guo, Xianda Chen, Dongxuan Chen, Guangchi Fang, Bing Wang · 5 October 2026

  Mobile Gaussian reconstruction must satisfy two requirements: the reconstruction model must execute within a device resource envelope, and the resulting Gaussian asset must expose a representation size suited to downstream mobile use. Existing feed-forward Gaussian reconstructors commonly decode den…

• FactorSplat: Appearance-Controllable Gaussian Proxies for Medical Volume Rendering

  Zhongpai Gao, Benjamin Planche, Meng Zheng, Anwesa Choudhuri, Terrence Chen, Ziyan Wu · 5 October 2026

  Transfer functions (TFs) control color and visibility in medical volume rendering, but image-trained Gaussian proxies typically bake one transfer function into their appearance. We present FactorSplat, a per-scene N-dimensional Gaussian splatting (N-DGS) proxy that accepts region-specific intensity-…

• EffGS: Efficient and High-Fidelity Gaussian Splatting

  Changbai Li, Shuo Yang, Yichen Yang, Shuwei Shao, Huobin Tan · 1 October 2026

  3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables real-time novel view synthesis, but existing general-purpose acceleration methods suffer severe rendering quality degradation when extended to more complex, large-scale scenes. To address this issue, we propose EffGS, a more general acceleration framework that im…

• UGOD: Uncertainty-Guided Opacity and Dropout for Sparse-View 3D Gaussian Splatting

  Zhihao Guo, Peng Wang, Zidong Chen, Xiangyu Kong, Yan Lyu, Guanyu Gao, Chenghao Qian, Ziyang Wang, Xinqi Fan, Liangxiu Han · 1 October 2026

  Sparse-view 3D Gaussian Splatting is prone to overfitting because limited observations leave many Gaussian primitives weakly constrained, yet their contributions are still accumulated through alpha blending. Without uncertainty estimation, the renderer cannot distinguish unreliable primitives from w…

• DiffusionShadow: Diffusion-based Shadow Caching for Neural Volume Rendering

  Kai-Chen Tung, Qi Wu, David Bauer, Mengjiao Han, Silvio Rizzi, Kwan-Liu Ma · 28 September 2026

  Implicit neural representations (INRs) have gained momentum in scientific visualization due to their compactness and scalability to large datasets, making them well suited for integration with direct volume rendering (DVR). However, real-time volume rendering of INR with advanced illumination effect…

• RefRef: A Dataset and Benchmark for Reconstructing Refractive and Reflective Objects

  Yue Yin, Enze Tao, Weijian Deng, Dylan Campbell · 28 September 2026

  Modern 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis approaches have demonstrated strong performance on scenes with opaque, non-refractive objects. However, most assume straight light paths and therefore cannot properly handle refractive and reflective materials. The lack of datasets specialized for th…

• Gauss What You Need: Compact Gaussian Splatting Across Scene Scales

  Afif Boudaoud, Jiayi Liu, Alexandru Calotoiu, Torsten Hoefler · 28 September 2026

  3D Gaussian Splatting reconstructs a scene as a collection of Gaussian primitives from a set of posed photographs called the capture. The number of primitives used to represent the scene affects reconstruction quality, storage, and rendering cost. How to select this number automatically across captu…

• Light Field Primitive for Novel View Synthesis

  Liang Chen, Jiahui Ning, Xun Jiang, Xing Xu, Jimmy Ren, Fenglei Fan, Heng Tao Shen · 28 September 2026

  We present Light Field Primitives (LFP), a formulation for novel view synthesis that replaces the dense ray database with a compact set of differentiable primitives in the classical two-plane parameterization. Each primitive condenses a group of rays into one learned record, and its response to a qu…

• From Mono to Stereo: Accelerating Binocular Gaussian Splatting via Reprojection and Selective Patching

  Hongfei Zhu, Ling Zhou · 28 September 2026

  Binocular rendering requires two nearby views of the same scene and therefore repeats substantial visibility and shading work. We present a 2D Gaussian Splatting (2DGS) pipeline that fully renders a dominant-eye RGB image and an alpha-weighted depth proxy, reprojects that image to the affiliated eye…

• LiTe-GS: Oracle-Efficient Next Best View Selection for 3D Gaussian Splatting

  Vivek Pandey, Amirhossein Mollaei Khass, Nader Motee · 28 September 2026

  Selecting informative camera views is critical for efficient training and adaptive refinement in 3D Gaussian Splatting, where each observation significantly influences model parameters. However, information-driven view-selection strategies can require repeated evaluations of expensive information-ga…

• ClearGS: Reliability-Aware Gaussian Splatting from Handheld Videos

  Xuanzhi Liu, Xinyi Wu, Hang Pan, Wensi Huang, Zhenyao Wu, Ruize Han, Song Wang · 28 September 2026

  We present ClearGS for 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) from handheld videos with uneven viewpoint coverage and mixed frame quality. Rather than selecting frames with binary decisions, ClearGS uses Reliability-aware View Allocation (RVA) to assign graded raw-supervision weights based on appearance relia…

• Spackle: Completing Large View Single Image NVS with Adaptive Gaussians

  Xuanzhi Liu, Yuhe Zhou, Xinyi Wu, Zhenyao Wu, Jinghao Chen, Ruize Han, Song Wang · 28 September 2026

  Single-image novel view synthesis (NVS) enables photorealistic rendering of un- observed viewpoints from a single input. Practical NVS systems require two key capabilities: robust reconstruction of occluded regions and high inference effi- ciency. While hybrid decoupled frameworks combining feedforw…

• Towards Practical Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting

  Pengpeng Yu, Yueru Chen, Fei Song, Tai Qin, Qi Zhang, Jing Wang, Yulan Guo · 25 September 2026

  3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-quality novel-view synthesis but requires substantial storage. Existing compression methods often rely on spatial context modeling over irregular 3D representations, increasing the complexity of training and coding. Meanwhile, floating-point context inferenc…

• OceanXL: Large-scale Underwater 3D Gaussian Splatting via Block Partitioning and Adaptive Pruning

  Haoran Wang, Shaoyu Cai, Adrian Azzarelli, Zhuodong Jiang, Guoxi Huang, Eng Tat Khoo, Brett Seymour, Fan Zhang, David Bull, Nantheera Anantrasirichai · 25 September 2026

  Underwater 3D reconstruction is critical for marine exploration, ecological monitoring, and subsea infrastructure inspection, yet remains challenging at large scale due to light attenuation, scattering, and limited capture coverage. While 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-quality real-time r…

• Only What Was Seen: Observation-Gram Compaction of View-Dependent Appearance in 3D Gaussian Splatting

  Krzysztof Pietroszek · 25 September 2026

  Most of the memory of a 3D Gaussian Splatting model holds spherical-harmonic colour coefficients, yet each Gaussian is seen only from the narrow cone of directions of the training cameras. We turn this into a distortion metric that other compressors can adopt: a per-Gaussian observation Gram matrix,…

• PlenoCI: Plenoptic CharacterIstics for View Dependence Aware Change Classification

  Jason Lai, Chamuditha Jayanga Galappaththige, Niko Suenderhauf, Dimity Miller, Donald G. Dansereau · 25 September 2026

  Radiance field representations such as 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) natively encode complex visual phenomena such as occlusions and view dependence, but they are inherently underconstrained. Independently optimized reconstructions converge to different primitive configurations, even in unchanged reg…

• ADATEX4D: adaptive texture capacity allocation for 4D gaussian splatting

  De Jiang, Peiqiang Wang, Kehong Yuan, Shaohua Ma · 25 September 2026

  Textured Gaussians improve local appearance capacity, but assigning the same texture resolution to every primitive wastes storage on low-detail or weakly visible regions. We introduce AdaTex4D, an adaptive texture-capacity module for deformation-based 4D Gaussian Splatting. Each Gaussian carries pac…

• RoomLight: A 2.5D Illumination Prior for Indoor Environments

  Andreea Ardelean, Bernhard Egger · 24 September 2026

  Ill-posed inverse problems require priors to constrain the solution space toward plausible outcomes. In inverse rendering, learned priors modeling the distribution of natural illumination improve the recovery of scene properties. However, existing models rely on the distant-illumination assumption, …

• GaussianDS: Depth-supervised Semantic Gaussian Splatting for Scene Understanding

  Yufei Zhang, Chenlu Zhan, Hongwei Wang · 24 September 2026

  3D Gaussian Splatting provides an efficient representation for 3D reconstruction, and recent extensions attach semantic attributes to Gaussians for open-vocabulary scene understanding. However, lifting view-dependent 2D foundation-model outputs into 3D space introduces cross-view inconsistencies and…

• Visibility-Guided Structured Measure Flow for Class-Conditioned 3D Gaussian Generation

  Yizhao Wang · 24 September 2026

  3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has made real-time, high-fidelity 3D rendering practical, yet turning this explicit representation into a native generative space remains an open challenge. Directly generating 3DGS objects is difficult because Gaussian primitives are unordered, variable-sized, locally d…

• GaussPDE: Graph-Based Partial Differential Equation-Driven Rendering for 3D Gaussian Splatting

  Haoyuan Yue, Fengyuan Ye, Ziyin Li · 24 September 2026

  We present GaussPDE, a framework that injects physically structured partial differential equation (PDE) dynamics into pretrained 3D Gaussian scenes without mesh extraction, voxelization, or retraining. Our key observation is that PDE rendering requires not only accurate appearance, but also a reliab…

• 4DGS-JEPA: Temporally Compositional Joint-Embedding Prediction for Dynamic Gaussian Splatting

  Yongchao Huang · 23 September 2026

  Dynamic Gaussian Splatting provides an explicit representation of evolving 3D scenes, but existing approaches are primarily optimized for reconstruction, future-state generation, or rendering rather than for learning reusable predictive dynamics. We propose 4DGS-JEPA, a Gaussian-native joint-embeddi…

• GARO: Geometry-Aware Redundancy Optimization for Real-Time and High-Fidelity Dynamic Gaussian Splatting

  Huiwen Xue (School of Software, Northwestern Polytechnical University), Kaixing Zhao (School of Software, Northwestern Polytechnical University), Zuheng Ming (L2TI, Universit\'e Sorbonne Paris Nord, EmboMind Research), Tingcheng Li (School of Electronic Information,Engineering, Suzhou University of Science,Technology) · 22 September 2026

  Novel view synthesis is a key task for dynamic scene reconstruction, where high rendering speed is essential for applications such as virtual reality. Existing deformable Gaussian Splatting methods achieve high-fidelity dynamic scene modeling, but still face limitations in memory usage and rendering…

• GAPS: Generative Active Pseudo-view Selection for Sparse-View 3D Gaussian Splatting

  Hongfei Zhu, Haochen Deng, Sitao Zhang, Ling Zhou · 22 September 2026

  Novel view synthesis from sparse observations is severely under-constrained. Although 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables real-time rendering, it produces floaters, broken geometry, and washed-out backgrounds when trained with few views. We propose an alternating optimization framework that uses a …