Biometric Identification and Security

Latest papers

• Compact Vision Models for Iris Presentation Attack Detection under Presentation Attack Instrument Shift and Environmental Degradation

  Athanasios Angelakis, Marta Gomez-Barrero · 18 September 2026

  Iris presentation attack detection (PAD) is security-critical when a subsystem that appears reliable during development encounters presentation attack instruments (PAIs) or acquisition conditions absent from validation data. We benchmark three compact scratch-trained computer-vision models, each wit…

• Same Problem, Different Field: Cross-Domain Solution Import via Domain-Stripped Computational Fingerprints

  Eryk Kulikowski · 16 September 2026

  The same underlying computational problem is solved across unrelated fields under different names: recursive Bayesian state estimation appears as a "Kalman filter" in control, "Bayesian forecasting" in pharmacokinetics, and "data assimilation" in geoscience. Topical and citation-based scientific emb…

• Lensless Gaze Is Not Private by Default: Auditing Identity Leakage Across Disclosure Surfaces

  Rahul Vimalkanth, Kaushik Mitra · 10 September 2026

  Lensless near-eye sensing is often described as privacy-friendly because its coded measurements are visually unintelligible. Yet visual unintelligibility reflects human interpretation, not what a learned adversary can recover. We therefore treat identity privacy as a systems property of disclosure s…

• IDSPACE: A Novel Document Generator for Reliable Evaluation of Digital Identity Verification Systems [Extended Technical Report]

  Lulu Xie, Yancheng Wang, Kanchan Chowdhury, Rolando Garcia, Yingzhen Yang, Jia Zou · 4 September 2026

  As services move online, trust institutions such as banks, lenders, and governments must verify the identity of remote users. Fraud detection tools are widely available, but evaluating and fine-tuning them remains difficult because identity documents are sensitive and therefore scarce. Synthetic dat…

• FVeinSyn: Synthetic Finger Vein Image Generator

  Yifan Wang, Jie Gui, Adams Wai Kin Kong, Baosheng Yu, Changsheng Chen, Qi Li, Zhenan Sun, James Tin-Yau Kwok, Alex Kot · 31 August 2026

  A major challenge in finger vein recognition is the lack of large-scale public datasets. Existing datasets contain few identities and limited samples per finger, restricting the advancement of deep learning-based methods. To address this, we propose FVeinSyn, a large-scale controllable synthetic dat…

• OpenVeinNet: Robust Open-Set Finger Vein Verification with Dynamic Snake Convolution and Graph Learning

  Sushrut Patwardhan, Raghavendra Ramachandra · 27 August 2026

  Finger vein verification is a promising biometric modality for secure authentication because vascular patterns are internal, difficult to observe externally, and relatively resistant to presentation attacks. However, reliable verification remains challenging in open-set settings, where test identiti…

• Tomatoes, Potatoes, and Onions: Questioning the Need for Faces in Face Presentation Attack Detection

  Guray Ozgur, Fadi Boutros, Naser Damer · 25 August 2026

  Face presentation attack detection (PAD) is traditionally formulated as a face-specific problem, although many of the visual artifacts introduced by print, replay, and recapture processes are not inherently tied to facial appearance. In this work, we investigate whether transferable PAD representati…

• Generation of Synthetic Fingerphotos with GANs

  Conor Miller-Lynch, Sandip Purnapatra, Syed Konain Abbas, Lambert Igene, Faraz Hussain, Soumyabrata Dey, Stephanie Schuckers · 18 August 2026

  Contactless fingerprinting is an emerging approach to biometric authentication that allows users to scan their fingerprints without touching a scanner. Due to the limited amount of contactless fingerprint data available and the security risks associated with sharing real individuals' fingerprints, i…

• GBU-Palm: A Multimodal Video Dataset and Benchmark for Palm Presentation Attack Detection

  Yingjie Ma, Zitong Yu, Wei Jia, Ajay Kumar, Linlin Shen · 17 August 2026

  Existing palm presentation attack detection (PAD) datasets are often limited by static imagery, restricted acquisition conditions, or insufficient multimodal video data, hindering systematic evaluation across environments, modalities, and attack types. We present GBU-Palm, a large-scale multimodal v…

• Periocular Soft Biometrics: A Survey and Applications to Multimedia Forensics and Disinformation Detection

  Fernando Alonso-Fernandez, Kevin Hernandez-Diaz, Josef Bigun · 11 August 2026

  Soft-biometric attributes such as gender, age, and ethnicity provide valuable ancillary evidence when full identity recognition is not feasible, supporting applications in forensic investigation, identity verification, surveillance, or detection of synthetic and manipulated media. Among biometric mo…

• Topology-Aware Global-Local Mamba Networks for Palm Vein Biometrics

  Zhengxi Wu, Felix Marattukalam, Waleed H. Abdulla · 11 August 2026

  Palm-vein recognition is a fine-grained biometric task in which both local vascular texture and the global layout of the vessel tree carry discriminative information, while public datasets remain limited. We propose a topology-aware global-local backbone that combines multi-scale local features, a s…

• From Noise to Meaning: Meaningful Secret Sharing with Tamper Detection for Facial Recognition

  Ajnas Muhammed, Iurii Medvedev, Nuno Gonçalves · 11 August 2026

  Popularity of AI-based face recognition system directly demands protection of sensitive biometric data used for training. Visual secret sharing is an interesting idea, as it splits facial images into secret shares that look random and spread across many institutions. However, these shares look like …

• Detecting Clear Contact Lenses for Iris Recognition: A Two-Stage Mask-Guided Attention Approach

  Parisa Farmanifard, Arun Ross · 11 August 2026

  This work focuses on the impact and detection of clear contact lenses in the context of iris recognition. While the detection of cosmetic or patterned contact lenses has been extensively studied under the presentation attack detection (PAD) paradigm, clear prescription contact lenses, that are typic…

• Binding Biometrics with AI Agent Identifiers for Delegation of Authority

  Joseph Geo Benjamin, Anil K Jain, Karthik Nandakumar · 6 August 2026

  The proliferation of agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems has raised serious questions about the accountability for tasks performed by AI agents. Ideally, an AI agent must not be allowed to perform critical tasks without explicit authorization by a human operator. Since biometric recognition…

• Progressive Learning of a Diffusion-based Inpainting Model for Separating Overlapped Fingerprints

  Noor Hussein, Anil K. Jain, Karthik Nandakumar · 5 August 2026

  Overlapped friction ridge patterns are a recurring problem in latent fingerprints recovered from crime scenes and in live-scan scenarios where residual fingerprints on the sensor may corrupt subsequent acquisitions. Existing approaches for separating overlapped fingerprints either rely on rule-based…

• Cascade Forgery Mining Network for Fingerprint Presentation Attack Detection

  Hongyan Fei, Chuanwei Huang, Zheng Wang, Pengcheng Luo, Jingwei Li, Jufu Feng · 28 July 2026

  Fingerprint Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) is a critical component of fingerprint identification systems, serving as a protective measure against unauthorized access. In this paper, we observe that different regions of a fingerprint image can exhibit varying Artifact Extraction Difficulty (AED)…

• Towards Robust Iris Recognition Through Occlusion Identification and Conditional Diffusion-Based Reconstruction

  Kamrul Hasan, Mylene C. Q. Farias, Oleg V. Komogortsev · 24 July 2026

  Iris recognition is a reliable biometric approach that identifies individuals using the distinctive and stable texture of the iris. However, recognition performance can degrade when discriminative iris texture is partially occluded by eyelids, eyelashes, specular reflections, or other acquisition ar…

• DINO-VPT: Hierarchical Visual Prompt Tuning for Joint Physical-Digital Face Anti-Spoofing

  Pierre Gallin-Martel, Mika Feng, Koichi Ito, Takafumi Aoki · 24 July 2026

  With the increasing diversity of spoofing attacks, there is a growing demand for unified Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) models capable of detecting both physical and digital threats. While existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate high generalization in this context, they heavily rely on complex …

• MAGE-Vein: Multi-Instance Age and Gender Estimation from Finger Vein Images

  Katsuki Tanaka, Koichi Ito, Takafumi Aoki, Masakazu Fujio, Yosuke Kaga, Kanade Oshima, Kenta Takahashi · 24 July 2026

  Age estimation from finger vein images has been widely considered impractical due to severe demographic biases in public datasets and physiological confounding factors like gender. To overcome these limitations, we propose MAGE-Vein, a novel multi-instance, multi-task learning framework. Our approac…

• Ocular Verification for Virtual Reality

  Husanpreet Singh, Robert Tran, Ayushree Kharel, Sudipta Banerjee · 24 July 2026

  Virtual reality (VR) headsets (e.g., Meta Quest, Apple Vision Pro) provide a seamless user experience due to their fast, frictionless interaction with the physical world in a simulated environment. User authentication relies on biometric cues such as iris in such headsets. However, traditional iris …

• Adaptive Contrast Enhancement and Optimised Feature Matching for RootSIFT-Based Palm-Vein Recognition

  Kaveen Perera, Fouad Khelifi, Ammar Belatreche · 20 July 2026

  Palm-vein recognition is a highly secure biometric modality due to the uniqueness and subcutaneous nature of vein patterns. However, low contrast in palm-vein images, caused by NIR light scattering and sensor limitations, remains a significant challenge. To address this, we propose the Intensity-Lim…

• Intentional Electromagnetic Interference Attacks on Facial Recognition

  Tyler Fitzsimmons, Adam Czajka · 20 July 2026

  Attacks on general computer vision algorithms are often relegated to the digital domain, with the optimization performed purely in the digital world and then translated to physical mediums for implementation. In the field of biometrics, including facial recognition, physical presentation attacks tar…

• SLAPBench: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models for Four-Finger SLAP Fingerprint Verification

  Bibesh Pyakurel, M. G. Sarwar Murshed · 20 July 2026

  Four-finger SLAP fingerprints are flat live-scan impressions of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers of one hand, used for identity verification in border control and law enforcement. No benchmark has evaluated whether multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can verify identity from SLAP ima…

• A Dual-Stream Challenge-Response Protocol for Ocular Liveness Verification

  Ismail Kably · 14 July 2026

  Ocular biometric systems face sophisticated presentation attacks, including high-resolution video replays and real-time generative deepfakes, which easily bypass static liveness checks. Current Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) frameworks typically rely on isolated physiological metrics, such as g…

• Cancelable Biometric Template Protection Based on Multi-Instance Fusion: A Contralateral Iris Approach

  Jittarin Chaivong, Nicha Vikromrotjananan, Teekatat Piriyapittaya, Waree Kongprawechnon, Suradej Duangpummet · 6 July 2026

  Biometric templates are vulnerable to theft if stored without protection. Unlike passwords, a compromised iris cannot be reissued. Although existing cancelable biometric schemes address this problem, most still require an external key or token, introducing an additional attack surface. This paper pr…